Obstacles to LMS Adoption Among College Students: A Global Perspective

Abstract

Learning Management Systems (LMS) have become pivotal in higher education worldwide, yet many college students underutilize these platforms. This conceptual literature-based review explores the obstacles hindering LMS adoption from a global perspective. Drawing on recent peer-reviewed studies (2020–2025), we examine key technology adoption theories – including the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), and Expectation Confirmation Theory (ECT) – to frame the discussion. We then review common challenges students face with LMS adoption, such as the digital divide, low self-efficacy, system usability issues, insufficient motivation, and cultural or institutional barriers. The discussion synthesizes these insights, identifying recurring themes: technological infrastructure gaps, individual user readiness, and organizational support deficiencies. The conclusion highlights implications for universities and policymakers – recommending enhanced infrastructure, training, and supportive policies – and suggests avenues for future research to improve LMS uptake and continued use across diverse educational contexts. Key findings indicate that despite the ubiquity of LMS in higher education, strategic interventions are needed to address persistent barriers and ensure that these systems realize their full potential in enhancing student learning.