Potential of Sexual Reproductive Health Awareness Programme in Secondary Schools on Adolescent Pregnancy Rates in Mafinga Town Council, Iringa Region

Abstract

This study examines the potential impact of a Sexual Reproductive Health (SRH) awareness programme in secondary schools on decreasing adolescent pregnancies in Mafinga Town Council, Iringa Region, Tanzania. The objectives were to evaluate the programme’s effectiveness in improving adolescents' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours concerning reproductive health, and its contribution to lowering teenage pregnancy rates in Mafinga Town Council. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, utilizing structured questionnaires with 200 students for quantitative data and key informant interviews for qualitative insights. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS, while qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. The results indicated that the students exposed to the SRH awareness programme had a significantly higher knowledge on pregnancy risks, contraceptive methods, and how to access reproductive health services compared to the control group which did not receive any training. The SRH-trained respondents showed positive behavioural outcomes in the form of delayed sexual engagement and increased use of contraceptive methods. This indicates that the SRH programme was effective in promoting informed decision-making and self-efficacy among adolescents. The study concludes that SRH awareness programmes have a strong potential to improve adolescents’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours related to reproductive health. By increasing awareness about contraception, delaying early sexual engagement, and promoting respect for one’s own body, such programmes contribute to a noticeable reduction in adolescent pregnancy incidences in Mafinga Town Council. The findings further indicate that when adolescents are provided with accurate information and a safe environment to discuss reproductive health matters, they develop greater self-confidence in making informed choices about their bodies and relationships. Therefore, it is recommended that SRH awareness programmes be sustained and expanded across secondary schools through the integration of SRH topics into the formal school curriculum. Furthermore, regular teacher training, active participation of parents and community members, and continuous peer education initiatives are essential to ensure that adolescents remain well-informed, empowered, and supported to make responsible decisions regarding their sexual and reproductive health.