Analysis of the Effect of Health Promotion on the Knowledge of Blood Supplement Tablets among Adolescent Students of Midwifery

Abstract

Anemia among adolescent girls remains a critical public health issue in Indonesia, with low adherence to Iron-Folic Acid (IFA) or Blood Supplement Tablets (TTD). Effective health promotion is essential to improve knowledge and combat this problem. This study aimed to analyze the effect of health promotion using an e-flyer on knowledge about TTD among first-year midwifery students. A quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design was used. The population was all 133 first-year female midwifery students at a health polytechnic in Manado. A sample of 115 students was selected based on inclusion criteria (active, willing to participate). The intervention was a digital educational e-flyer on TTD. Data were collected via a validated e-questionnaire and hemoglobin (Hb) measurement before and after the intervention. Analysis included univariate description and a paired sample t-test of bivariate analysis. There was a significant increase in knowledge after the intervention. The proportion of students with ‘Good’ knowledge rose from 13.9% to 93.0%. The paired t-test showed a statistically significant difference (mean difference = -33.730, t = -21.513, p = 0.000). Hb levels also improved markedly, with 97.4% achieving non-anemic levels (>11 g/dL) post-intervention compared to 21.7% beforehand. Targeted digital health promotion via an e-flyer significantly improved knowledge about TTD and was associated with better hemoglobin levels among midwifery students. Integrating similar digital health education into health professional curricula is recommended. Future research should employ controlled longitudinal designs to confirm causality and assess long-term knowledge retention and behavioral impact.