ARCHIVING BETILA - A Study on the Present Condition and the Architectural Features of an Evanescing Historic Settlement

Abstract

Betila, a heritage settlement in Manikganj, Bangladesh, is home to a remarkable row of courtyard and bugalow type houses built during the British Colonial period. This settlement, established by elite Hindu merchants near the Kaliganga River, represents a unique architectural fusion of British Colonial and Mughal styles, adapted to the local context and spatial configurations. The buildings, characterized by their intricate design and historical significance, are now at risk due to illegal encroachments, neglect, and the pressure for modern urban development. Following the Partition of Bengal at 1947, the settlement has faced severe deterioration, with many of its structures now under threat of demolition to make way for multi-storied buildings. Despite its cultural and historical importance, Betila remains largely unrecognized by scholars and policymakers, leading to a rapid loss of its architectural heritage. This paper aims to document and assess the architectural features, spatial layout, and current condition of Betila, providing a comprehensive overview of its historical context and significance. Through careful documentation, this research intends to highlight the urgent need for conservation and the re-evaluation of the site’s potential for adaptive reuse. By exploring the fusion of colonial and Mughal architecture and the spatial relationships of the buildings with the surrounding environment, the study offers a framework for future conservation strategies. Ultimately, this research advocates for the preservation of Betila as a living heritage site, emphasizing the importance of safeguarding this historic settlement for future generations.